Tuesday, February 26, 2019

Progress

The scientific process is, at its core, iterative. There is no such thing as a truly final/definitive answer - there are only solutions that are good enough for now. In a day-to-day sense, what this really means is that when you’ve been chugging away at some problem and you finally arrive at the result, you can be damn sure that you probably haven’t understood the Full Picture (even if in the moment it feels like you have). “Maybe there is a more elegant way to arrive at the solution? Maybe some approximation has introduced a hidden uncertainty? Maybe there’s a better way to look at the data?” Every step in the right direction is inevitably haunted by questions that fall along these lines. 

The Planet Nine story is no exception to this rule. Back when Mike and I published our first P9 paper three years ago, we didn’t worry that there might be a lot more work to be done on this problem - we were certain of it. Instead, what we worried about was that there exists a simpler, or perhaps more natural resolution to the anomalies we were seeing in the data, and that the Planet Nine hypothesis will be rendered irrelevant shortly after publication. That didn’t happen.

To our joint relief (and to some extent surprise), thus far, the P9 hypothesis has fared the test of time rather well. Inevitably, questions have come up regarding the role of observational biases in shaping the orbital clustering we see in the distant Kuiper belt, but these concerns have been largely put to rest. Alternative theories, on the other hand, require the existence of a hidden, coherent, and massive belt of icy planetesimals at hundreds of AU - a scenario that suffers from a number of astrophysical drawbacks. The P9 story thus continues to be in pretty good shape. Nevertheless, we have always felt the need to drive our understanding of the Planet Nine hypothesis a little bit further (and then a bit further after that). So, in collaboration with Juliette Becker and Fred Adams from University of Michigan (as well as Elizabeth Bailey here at Caltech and Alessandro Morbidelli from Nice observatory on earlier works), we spent the last couple years characterizing P9-induced dynamics from analytical grounds and trying to constrain the mass and orbit of Planet Nine to better precision.
The results of these endeavors are compiled in our new review article entitled “The Planet Nine Hypothesis,” published in Physics Reports today. Admittedly, in writing this manuscript, we ended up erring on the side of completeness over completion, so the paper is not exactly short. As a result, with an eye towards providing an “executive summary” of the results, in the next couple posts, I will highlight some of the main take-away points of the article, beginning with brief historical account of planetary predictions based on dynamical evidence.

67 comments:

  1. То что вы ищите имеет название, планета у которой нет земли но она вся усеяна звёздами
    В 3600 лет исчисляется её вытянутая орбита

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    1. Ты хоть сам то понял, что ляпнул..

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    2. Просто смоделируйте такой вариант что 9я планета о который вы пишите - есть, поставьте условие её прохождения вокруг солнца в 3600 земных лет, где сейчас она по вашему?

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    3. Представьте что она 3я от нас но это не сатурн, примерно так можно описать её прохождение

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  2. Konstantin, 100% of the audience will not understand what you describe in the article. It is necessary to discuss by simple categories. Namely: the postulates of classical mechanics. You should answer the following the questions. And the answers should be clear to many.

    1. What mechanical causes of Kozai-Lidov resonance?
    2. Why is the inclination of the plane of the orbits of Pallas and Hidalgo, respectively, of 35 and 42 degrees?
    3. Why Uranus is lying on its side?
    4. Why do the orbits of Venus and Neptune have an eccentricity almost equal to "ZERO", while in Jupiter and Saturn it is slightly larger than "ZERO"?
    5. How are the orbital parameters of remote KBO's proved? Did the radar scan in determing orbital parametrs of remote KBO's? What time was observed remote KBO's?
    6. Why are there Kirkwood gaps?

    Maybe the answer to these and other questions is ONE. The massive body is in the inner part of the solar system.

    And to confirm the orbital parameters of remote KBO's requires 250-300 years.

    Well, and besides, the main criterion for evaluating a theory is the result of an experiment. You have a negative result. I have a positive result of the experiment.A completely simple conclusion suggests itself: My theory is correct, and your theory is wrong.

    I am essentially saving your and Brown reputation, as well as Caltech's reputation.

    I have no desire to harm you. I just want to help. The prospect of work in this case, 150 years ahead, no less.

    To do scan ephemeris by Subaru telescope . I indicated ephemeris in my blog and you will see the object and its sattelite which I discovered.
    It is very simple.

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  3. I remind you: The diameter of the main object is 93,750.0 km (with dust), 74,785.0 km (without dust). The satellite diameter is 37,500 km (with dust). Main object densinity of substances(estimate) - 2700 kg per cubic meter. It is Super Earth. Mass of Main object+Satellite of 103.3 Earth masses.The Мagnitude is not brighter + 23.0m. Conditions of visibility and justification of conditions of visibility can be found in the technical versions. You can see the evolution of articles in the form of corrections.

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  4. In any case, I invite Dr. Batygin and Dr. Brown to hunt. Accepting an invitation from a madman like me - it's up to you.

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  5. Planet Nine was initially located in the inner part of solar system but exiled by Jupiter to remote outer part of solar system.

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  6. Why are you not giving an official name to Planet Nine??i think it will not receive one unless its existence is confirmed via imaging. regards: Business plan writing services

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  7. Planet Nine is a hypothetical planet in the outer region of the Solar System.Thew new review article entitled “The Planet Nine Hypothesis,” published in Physics Reports today explained clear about it. Thanks for sharing this relevant stuff here.

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  10. Если бы учёные могли провести достаточно точные измерения, что в данный момент невозможно, они заметили бы, что, когда они расщепляют атом в ядерной реакции, энергии высвобождается несколько больше той, что удерживает атом от распада. Они открыли бы также, что из нашего физического Солнца выделяется больше энергии, чем можно объяснить протекающими на Солнце ядерными процессами. Другими словами, и атом, и физическое Солнце – это каналы, через которые в материальную вселенную течёт энергия из более высоких октав.
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  11. Для того, чтобы определенная новая технология была выражена или выпущена, должна быть готовность ее принять. И это требует, как изменения коллективного сознания, так и наличия определенных ученых, готовых поставить под сомнение то, что большинство ученых в настоящее время не ставит под сомнение, включая материализм.
    Теперь, как конкретный пример, у нас есть концепция свободной энергии. Её можно объяснить в терминах того, что в настоящее время известно в квантовой физике. У нас есть наблюдения, сделанные квантовыми физиками в пузырьковых камерах, того, что мы можем иметь состояние, в котором нет частиц, внезапно появляется одна частица, делится на несколько частиц, они снова сталкиваются, а затем исчезают. Были некоторые ученые, которые были готовы предположить, что за пределами того, что можно наблюдать даже на субатомном уровне, должно быть какое-то энергетическое поле, некоторые называют его квантовым полем, некоторые называют его основным состоянием, как бы они его ни называли, но квантовая физика в основном доказала, что существует какое-то состояние за пределами физической материальной сферы. И в этом состоянии есть энергия. И тогда эта энергия может войти в материальную сферу и стать физической материей. Так не означает ли это, что также возможно создание технологии, которая была бы способна, так сказать, направлять энергию из другой сферы в материальную, где она могла бы затем использоваться для выполнения физической работы или, по крайней мере, создавать электричество, которое могло бы питать машины, выполняющие физическую работу. Это полностью соответствует тому, что уже было обнаружено.
    Видите ли, то, что у нас есть прямо сейчас, это технологии, которые является отражением коллективного сознания, а коллективное сознание на самом деле не полностью принимает существование другой сферы. Вот почему, как мы уже говорили, человечество стало замкнутым кругом, замкнутой системой, подчиненной второму закону термодинамики. Вот почему технология, которая у нас есть сегодня, источники энергии, которые у нас есть сегодня, подразумевают, что единственный способ обеспечить энергию - это либо сжечь какое-то топливо, либо расщепить атом и освободить энергию, которая уже находится в материальной сфере. Но это просто определенное мировоззрение, основанное на неполном понимании того, как устроен мир. Как я уже сказал, квантовая физика уже доказала, что мир создается энергией из другого мира, и поэтому, естественно, в этом мире гораздо больше энергии, и это вопрос возвышения нашего взгляда на мир, нашего понимания мира, повышения коллективного сознания до тех пор, пока мы не сможем понять, что же это за другая сфера, и, следовательно, быть в состоянии получить технологию, которая может использовать энергию, которая там есть.

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  12. В то время, как квантовая физика изучает область мельчайших частиц, астрофизика изучает солнечные системы и галактики. Астрофизики обнаружили, что количество материи во вселенной не может объяснить гравитационное притяжение, которое удерживает вселенную как единое целое. Другими словами, если бы вселенная была создана исключительно из видимой материи, галактики давно разлетелись бы. В попытке объяснить это некоторые учёные предположили, что существует так называемая тёмная материя, которая не воспринимается человеком и не регистрируется современными научными приборами.
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